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Technical Documentation

Platform Architecture

A deep dive into our technical stack, architecture decisions, and system design

Built with enterprise-grade technologies and best practices

Next.js 15NestJSPostgreSQLTypeScriptPrisma

System Architecture Overview

High-level view of how different components interact

Frontend LayerNext.js 15 Frontend & React ComponentsClient State & Tailwind CSSAPI LayerNext.js API Routes & NestJSAuthentication & MiddlewareData LayerPrisma ORM & PostgreSQLRedis Cache & SessionsExternal ServicesOAuth, Stripe, SendGridFile Storage & CDN
Frontend Layer

Next.js 15 with App Router for server-side rendering and React Server Components. Tailwind CSS for styling, shadcn/ui for components.

Next.js 15React 18TypeScript
Backend Layer

NestJS framework for business logic with clean architecture. RESTful APIs with authentication and authorization middleware.

NestJSJWT AuthRate Limiting
Data Layer

PostgreSQL for relational data with Prisma ORM for type-safe queries. Redis for caching and session management.

PostgreSQLPrismaRedis

Database Schema Design

Entity relationship and normalized structure

Userid (PK)emailnamepassword (hashed)createdAtPostid (PK)titlecontentauthorId (FK)publishedCategoryid (PK)nameslug (UK)Sessionid (PK)userId (FK)expireswriteshasbelongs_to
Normalized Structure
  • Avoid data duplication
  • Foreign keys for relationships
  • Cascade deletes for cleanup
  • Proper indexing
Security First
  • Passwords hashed with bcrypt
  • Tokens stored securely
  • No sensitive data in plain text
  • Audit trail with timestamps
Performance Optimized
  • Indexes on frequently queried fields
  • Unique constraints where needed
  • Efficient JOIN operations
  • Query optimization
Type Safety
  • Prisma auto-generates TypeScript
  • Compile-time type checking
  • Enums for fixed values
  • Required vs optional clear

Authentication & Authorization

How users authenticate and access protected resources

Email/Password Authentication

1User enters credentials on login form
2Request sent to /api/auth/signin with encrypted payload
3Server verifies credentials against hashed password in database
4JWT token generated and stored in httpOnly cookie
5User redirected to dashboard with authenticated session

OAuth Flow (Google/GitHub)

1User clicks "Sign in with Google"
2Redirected to OAuth provider authorization page
3Provider returns authorization code to callback URL
4Exchange code for access token on backend
5Create or update user in database
Session Management

JWT Tokens

Stateless authentication with refresh tokens

Secure Cookies

httpOnly, secure, SameSite flags

Session Expiry

30-day sessions with automatic refresh

Multi-Device Support

Database-backed sessions

Security Measures

Password Hashing

bcrypt with 10 salt rounds

CSRF Protection

Token validation on sensitive operations

Rate Limiting

Prevent brute force attacks

RBAC

Role-based access control (Admin, User)

API Architecture & Endpoints

RESTful API design with clear route organization

EndpointMethodAuthDescription
Authentication
/api/auth/signinPOSTPublicUser login (email/password)
/api/auth/registerPOSTPublicUser registration
/api/auth/signoutPOSTAuthUser logout
Users
/api/usersGETAdminList all users
/api/users/[id]GETAuthGet user by ID
/api/users/[id]DELETEAdminDelete user
Posts
/api/postsGETPublicList published posts
/api/postsPOSTAuthCreate new post
/api/posts/[slug]GETPublicGet post by slug
RESTful Design
  • Resource-based URLs (/users, /posts)
  • HTTP methods for CRUD (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
  • Proper status codes (200, 201, 400, 404, 500)
  • Consistent response format
Error Handling
  • Standardized error responses
  • Clear error messages
  • Proper HTTP status codes
  • Error logging with monitoring
Example Response Format
// Success Response
{
  "success": true,
  "data": { ... },
  "message": "Users fetched successfully"
}

// Error Response
{
  "success": false,
  "error": "Unauthorized access",
  "statusCode": 401
}

Deployment & Infrastructure

Production deployment with CI/CD pipeline

DeveloperGit PushGitHub ActionsBuild & DeployVercel EdgeGlobal DeliveryPostgreSQLData StorageCloudflare CDNStatic AssetsMonitoringSentry & Analytics
Frontend Hosting

Vercel Edge Network for global performance

  • • 100+ edge locations worldwide
  • • Automatic HTTPS
  • • Instant rollbacks
  • • Preview deployments
Database

PostgreSQL with automatic backups

  • • Automatic backups
  • • Connection pooling
  • • High availability
  • • Real-time capabilities
CDN & Caching

Cloudflare for static assets

  • • DDoS protection
  • • Image optimization
  • • Automatic caching
  • • 99.99% uptime SLA
1

Code Push

Git push to main branch

2

Build & Test

Run tests, lint, build

3

Deploy

Automatic deployment

4

Monitor

Track errors & performance

Complete Technology Stack

Every technology and why we chose it

Next.js 15

Frontend Framework

  • Server-side rendering
  • Built-in API routes
  • Automatic code splitting
TypeScript

Type Safety

  • Static type checking
  • Improved IDE support
  • Better code documentation
Tailwind CSS

Styling

  • Utility-first approach
  • Fast development
  • Small bundle size
NestJS

Backend Framework

  • Clean architecture
  • Dependency injection
  • Built-in validation
Prisma ORM

Database

  • Type-safe queries
  • Auto-migrations
  • Schema visualization
PostgreSQL

Data Storage

  • ACID compliance
  • Full-text search
  • JSON support

Performance & Quality Metrics

Real production metrics and benchmarks

95+

Lighthouse Score

<1s

Page Load Time

100%

Type Coverage

0

Critical Bugs

LCP (Largest Contentful Paint)
<2.5s

Excellent

FID (First Input Delay)
<100ms

Excellent

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift)
<0.1

Excellent

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